5/7/2025
Last update
5/7/2025
Reviewed By
Overview
SCIENTIFIC SCORE
Questionable
Based on 16 Researches
6.7
USERS' SCORE
Good
Based on 3 Reviews
8.2
Supplement Facts
Serving Size: 1 Capsule
Serving Per Container: 90
Amount Per Serving
%DV
Vitamin D3 (as Cholecalciferol)
250 mcg(10,000 IU)
1250%
Top Medical Research Studies
9
Our research focused on understanding how Vitamin D (VitD) might influence blood clotting, especially in the context of COVID-19. We found that when human endothelial cells were exposed to IL-6—an inflammatory cytokine associated with severe COVID-19—it led to dysfunction in these cells. This dysfunction was marked by increased levels of Tissue Factor (TF) and cell adhesion molecules (CAMs), which promote blood clotting.
Remarkably, when we treated these endothelial cells with VitD, we observed a reversal of these harmful effects. VitD appeared to inhibit the expression of TF and CAMs and even modulated the levels of the ACE2 receptor, which is crucial for the entry of the virus into cells. Our findings suggest that VitD could play a protective role against the blood clotting complications associated with COVID-19 by counteracting IL-6's effects on endothelial cells.
Overall, this study paves the way for further research into VitD as a potential therapeutic option for mitigating thrombotic risks in COVID-19 patients.
Remarkably, when we treated these endothelial cells with VitD, we observed a reversal of these harmful effects. VitD appeared to inhibit the expression of TF and CAMs and even modulated the levels of the ACE2 receptor, which is crucial for the entry of the virus into cells. Our findings suggest that VitD could play a protective role against the blood clotting complications associated with COVID-19 by counteracting IL-6's effects on endothelial cells.
Overall, this study paves the way for further research into VitD as a potential therapeutic option for mitigating thrombotic risks in COVID-19 patients.
Read More
8
We sought to understand how vitamin D levels might impact thrombus burden—essentially the amount of blood clotting—specifically in patients suffering from ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) who are about to undergo primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), a common procedure to restore blood flow to the heart.
Our research involved 257 STEMI patients who were observed in a hospital setting over a year. We divided these patients into two groups: those with high thrombus burden and those with low thrombus burden. After looking at various factors, one clear finding emerged: patients with high thrombus burden had significantly lower vitamin D levels compared to those with low thrombus burden. In fact, the average vitamin D levels in patients with high thrombus burden were only 8.0 ng/mL compared to 17.9 ng/mL in those with low thrombus burden.
We also discovered that patients with high thrombus burden and low vitamin D levels had poorer outcomes post-PCI, including decreased blood flow and lower heart performance. Through further analysis, we found vitamin D levels were an independent predictor of thrombus burden. Those with levels above 17.6 ng/mL showed an impressive 81.8% sensitivity for predicting low thrombus burden.
Overall, our study indicates that maintaining adequate vitamin D levels could play a significant role in reducing the risks associated with blood clotting in heart attack patients undergoing critical interventions.
Our research involved 257 STEMI patients who were observed in a hospital setting over a year. We divided these patients into two groups: those with high thrombus burden and those with low thrombus burden. After looking at various factors, one clear finding emerged: patients with high thrombus burden had significantly lower vitamin D levels compared to those with low thrombus burden. In fact, the average vitamin D levels in patients with high thrombus burden were only 8.0 ng/mL compared to 17.9 ng/mL in those with low thrombus burden.
We also discovered that patients with high thrombus burden and low vitamin D levels had poorer outcomes post-PCI, including decreased blood flow and lower heart performance. Through further analysis, we found vitamin D levels were an independent predictor of thrombus burden. Those with levels above 17.6 ng/mL showed an impressive 81.8% sensitivity for predicting low thrombus burden.
Overall, our study indicates that maintaining adequate vitamin D levels could play a significant role in reducing the risks associated with blood clotting in heart attack patients undergoing critical interventions.
Read More
8
We set out to examine how vitamin D influences blood clot formation in prostate cancer patients. Participants in our study were divided into three groups: metastatic, non-metastatic, and a reference group. We treated their whole blood samples with a specific dose of Calcitriol, a form of vitamin D, to see how it affected clotting dynamics and the structure of blood components.
Our findings from tests like Thromboelastography revealed that while the non-metastatic group showed no major differences before and after treatment, the metastatic group exhibited a concerning hypercoagulable state. Interestingly, after vitamin D supplementation, the viscoelastic properties of the non-metastatic group improved significantly, aligning more closely with those of the healthier reference group.
Overall, our study suggests that vitamin D may create a more favorable environment for blood clotting, potentially leading to less dangerous clots in certain prostate cancer patients. This could be an important consideration for individuals at risk of thromboembolic events associated with their condition.
Our findings from tests like Thromboelastography revealed that while the non-metastatic group showed no major differences before and after treatment, the metastatic group exhibited a concerning hypercoagulable state. Interestingly, after vitamin D supplementation, the viscoelastic properties of the non-metastatic group improved significantly, aligning more closely with those of the healthier reference group.
Overall, our study suggests that vitamin D may create a more favorable environment for blood clotting, potentially leading to less dangerous clots in certain prostate cancer patients. This could be an important consideration for individuals at risk of thromboembolic events associated with their condition.
Read More
Most Useful Reviews
7.5
Normalises blood clotting
7 people found this helpful
The quality of this D3 is very high and the price reflects this. Vitamin D3 helps to normalise blood clotting, improves cell sensitivity to insulin, and aids in carbohydrate absorption. It activates the regeneration of nerve fibres, increases their sensitivity, and prevents cholesterol deposition on blood vessel walls. It also strengthens the immune system. The sun does not provide a daily level of D3, so additional intake is necessary. Consequently, many individuals suffer from a deficiency, contrary to the myth that sun exposure alone suffices for D3 levels.
Read More
7
Raises blood levels
2 people found this helpful
This is not my first experience with this product; only the liposomal form effectively raises my blood level of 25OH Vitamin D, as tests indicate. Taking it in the evening improves digestibility by 50%. I feel it provides strength without causing excitement or sleep disruption; instead, my sleep appears to be normalised. It effectively manages seasonal depression in just a few days. I recommend checking your vitamin D level before starting antidepressants.
Read More
7.5
Quickly raises Vit. D
1 people found this helpful
If you need to quickly elevate your Vitamin D levels, this is the product for you. It's especially beneficial for those experiencing liver and bile issues, as the liposomal form enhances absorption. Remember to take it alongside Vitamin K2 (MK-7) and monitor blood levels when consuming high doses. Wishing you all good health!
Read More
Medical Researches
SCIENTIFIC SCORE
Questionable
Based on 16 Researches
6.7
- All Researches
9
Our research focused on understanding how Vitamin D (VitD) might influence blood clotting, especially in the context of COVID-19. We found that when human endothelial cells were exposed to IL-6—an inflammatory cytokine associated with severe COVID-19—it led to dysfunction in these cells. This dysfunction was marked by increased levels of Tissue Factor (TF) and cell adhesion molecules (CAMs), which promote blood clotting.
Remarkably, when we treated these endothelial cells with VitD, we observed a reversal of these harmful effects. VitD appeared to inhibit the expression of TF and CAMs and even modulated the levels of the ACE2 receptor, which is crucial for the entry of the virus into cells. Our findings suggest that VitD could play a protective role against the blood clotting complications associated with COVID-19 by counteracting IL-6's effects on endothelial cells.
Overall, this study paves the way for further research into VitD as a potential therapeutic option for mitigating thrombotic risks in COVID-19 patients.
Remarkably, when we treated these endothelial cells with VitD, we observed a reversal of these harmful effects. VitD appeared to inhibit the expression of TF and CAMs and even modulated the levels of the ACE2 receptor, which is crucial for the entry of the virus into cells. Our findings suggest that VitD could play a protective role against the blood clotting complications associated with COVID-19 by counteracting IL-6's effects on endothelial cells.
Overall, this study paves the way for further research into VitD as a potential therapeutic option for mitigating thrombotic risks in COVID-19 patients.
Read More
9
We explored the effects of vitamin D3 on blood clot formation in mice lacking the klotho protein, which plays a role in regulating vitamin D3 levels. In our analysis, we focused on how klotho deficiency impacts platelet function and calcium signaling, pivotal mechanisms involved in clotting.
Our findings revealed that klotho-deficient platelets exhibited significantly reduced responses to activation, indicating that they might not form clots effectively. Specifically, we observed that calcium signaling pathways, essential for platelet activation and aggregation, were notably inhibited in these mice. The investigation utilized multiple methods, including measuring calcium levels and evaluating platelet function through various biochemical and cellular techniques.
Interestingly, when klotho-deficient mice were given a low-vitamin D diet, we discovered that their platelet function improved, suggesting a direct link between vitamin D3 levels and platelet activity. The reduced activity was associated with decreased expression of critical signaling proteins involved in calcium entry, which vitamin D3 helps regulate. Overall, our study presents evidence that vitamin D3 deficiency due to klotho absence may hinder proper blood clotting mechanisms.
Our findings revealed that klotho-deficient platelets exhibited significantly reduced responses to activation, indicating that they might not form clots effectively. Specifically, we observed that calcium signaling pathways, essential for platelet activation and aggregation, were notably inhibited in these mice. The investigation utilized multiple methods, including measuring calcium levels and evaluating platelet function through various biochemical and cellular techniques.
Interestingly, when klotho-deficient mice were given a low-vitamin D diet, we discovered that their platelet function improved, suggesting a direct link between vitamin D3 levels and platelet activity. The reduced activity was associated with decreased expression of critical signaling proteins involved in calcium entry, which vitamin D3 helps regulate. Overall, our study presents evidence that vitamin D3 deficiency due to klotho absence may hinder proper blood clotting mechanisms.
Read More
9
We evaluated the potential of vitamin D3, specifically calcitriol, in combination with other medications to prevent deep vein thrombosis (VTE) in renal transplant recipients (RTR). Focusing on how these treatments might influence the occurrence of blood clots, we followed a group of 769 RTRs over several months post-transplant.
Our findings revealed that 96 of these recipients experienced a first episode of VTE. We noticed a significant difference in rates of blood clots among those who received calcitriol alongside angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi) and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs). In fact, recipients on the combination therapy had a markedly lower rate of VTE, showing a promising 60% reduction in risk.
However, it is important to note that the isolated effect of vitamin D3 without other treatments wasn't fully determined in this study. While calcitriol showed favorable outcomes when used with blood pressure medications, further research could help clarify its individual impact on clot prevention. Overall, this research highlights the importance of collaborative strategies in managing thrombotic complications for transplant patients.
Our findings revealed that 96 of these recipients experienced a first episode of VTE. We noticed a significant difference in rates of blood clots among those who received calcitriol alongside angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi) and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs). In fact, recipients on the combination therapy had a markedly lower rate of VTE, showing a promising 60% reduction in risk.
However, it is important to note that the isolated effect of vitamin D3 without other treatments wasn't fully determined in this study. While calcitriol showed favorable outcomes when used with blood pressure medications, further research could help clarify its individual impact on clot prevention. Overall, this research highlights the importance of collaborative strategies in managing thrombotic complications for transplant patients.
Read More
8
We set out to understand how levels of vitamin D, specifically serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD), influence the risk of developing venous thromboembolism (VTE), which includes serious conditions like deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. To do this, we examined a large cohort of nearly 378,000 participants, all free from VTE at the start of the study.
Our analysis focused on the relationship between vitamin D levels and VTE risk, particularly in individuals with diabetes compared to those without. Over a median follow-up period of 12.5 years, we recorded just over 10,600 new cases of VTE.
The findings were quite revealing: higher serum 25OHD concentrations were associated with a lower risk of VTE. This inverse relationship was especially pronounced in participants with diabetes. Interestingly, while we assessed various genetic factors that could influence VTE risk, they did not significantly change how vitamin D affected the likelihood of developing a blood clot.
However, we did find that specific genetic variations in the vitamin D receptor appeared to enhance the protective effects of vitamin D against VTE. Overall, we are encouraged by our findings, which suggest that maintaining sufficient levels of vitamin D may help reduce the risk of blood clots, particularly in those already managing diabetes.
Our analysis focused on the relationship between vitamin D levels and VTE risk, particularly in individuals with diabetes compared to those without. Over a median follow-up period of 12.5 years, we recorded just over 10,600 new cases of VTE.
The findings were quite revealing: higher serum 25OHD concentrations were associated with a lower risk of VTE. This inverse relationship was especially pronounced in participants with diabetes. Interestingly, while we assessed various genetic factors that could influence VTE risk, they did not significantly change how vitamin D affected the likelihood of developing a blood clot.
However, we did find that specific genetic variations in the vitamin D receptor appeared to enhance the protective effects of vitamin D against VTE. Overall, we are encouraged by our findings, which suggest that maintaining sufficient levels of vitamin D may help reduce the risk of blood clots, particularly in those already managing diabetes.
Read More
8
We explored how 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3, a form of vitamin D, can influence platelet aggregation, particularly in the context of COVID-19. Platelet hyperreactivity is a condition where platelets are overly reactive, contributing to blood clotting issues often seen in COVID-19 patients. Our investigation focused on how vitamin D might help mitigate these issues by examining its direct effects in the laboratory.
We found that vitamin D significantly reduced platelet aggregation, especially when this aggregation was heightened by the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. This effect appears to be linked to vitamin D's ability to inhibit certain signaling pathways involved in platelet activation. Notably, the treatment reduced the activation of integrin αIIbβ3, which plays a key role in platelet spreading and clumping.
By utilizing a particular Src family kinase inhibitor, we confirmed that there are overlapping pathways being influenced, as both vitamin D and the inhibitor showed similar effects in lowering platelet responses. Our findings suggest that vitamin D could serve as a beneficial treatment to help manage clotting in COVID-19, though further exploration is necessary.
We found that vitamin D significantly reduced platelet aggregation, especially when this aggregation was heightened by the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. This effect appears to be linked to vitamin D's ability to inhibit certain signaling pathways involved in platelet activation. Notably, the treatment reduced the activation of integrin αIIbβ3, which plays a key role in platelet spreading and clumping.
By utilizing a particular Src family kinase inhibitor, we confirmed that there are overlapping pathways being influenced, as both vitamin D and the inhibitor showed similar effects in lowering platelet responses. Our findings suggest that vitamin D could serve as a beneficial treatment to help manage clotting in COVID-19, though further exploration is necessary.
Read More
User Reviews
USERS' SCORE
Good
Based on 3 Reviews
8.2
- All Reviews
- Positive Reviews
- Negative Reviews
7.5
Normalises blood clotting
7 people found this helpful
The quality of this D3 is very high and the price reflects this. Vitamin D3 helps to normalise blood clotting, improves cell sensitivity to insulin, and aids in carbohydrate absorption. It activates the regeneration of nerve fibres, increases their sensitivity, and prevents cholesterol deposition on blood vessel walls. It also strengthens the immune system. The sun does not provide a daily level of D3, so additional intake is necessary. Consequently, many individuals suffer from a deficiency, contrary to the myth that sun exposure alone suffices for D3 levels.
Read More
7
Raises blood levels
2 people found this helpful
This is not my first experience with this product; only the liposomal form effectively raises my blood level of 25OH Vitamin D, as tests indicate. Taking it in the evening improves digestibility by 50%. I feel it provides strength without causing excitement or sleep disruption; instead, my sleep appears to be normalised. It effectively manages seasonal depression in just a few days. I recommend checking your vitamin D level before starting antidepressants.
Read More
7.5
Quickly raises Vit. D
1 people found this helpful
If you need to quickly elevate your Vitamin D levels, this is the product for you. It's especially beneficial for those experiencing liver and bile issues, as the liposomal form enhances absorption. Remember to take it alongside Vitamin K2 (MK-7) and monitor blood levels when consuming high doses. Wishing you all good health!
Read More
Frequently Asked Questions
7
Raises blood levels
2 people found this helpful
This is not my first experience with this product; only the liposomal form effectively raises my blood level of 25OH Vitamin D, as tests indicate. Taking it in the evening improves digestibility by 50%. I feel it provides strength without causing excitement or sleep disruption; instead, my sleep appears to be normalised. It effectively manages seasonal depression in just a few days. I recommend checking your vitamin D level before starting antidepressants.
7.5
Quickly raises Vit. D
1 people found this helpful
If you need to quickly elevate your Vitamin D levels, this is the product for you. It's especially beneficial for those experiencing liver and bile issues, as the liposomal form enhances absorption. Remember to take it alongside Vitamin K2 (MK-7) and monitor blood levels when consuming high doses. Wishing you all good health!
7.5
Normalises blood clotting
7 people found this helpful
The quality of this D3 is very high and the price reflects this. Vitamin D3 helps to normalise blood clotting, improves cell sensitivity to insulin, and aids in carbohydrate absorption. It activates the regeneration of nerve fibres, increases their sensitivity, and prevents cholesterol deposition on blood vessel walls. It also strengthens the immune system. The sun does not provide a daily level of D3, so additional intake is necessary. Consequently, many individuals suffer from a deficiency, contrary to the myth that sun exposure alone suffices for D3 levels.
8
We set out to understand how levels of vitamin D, specifically serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD), influence the risk of developing venous thromboembolism (VTE), which includes serious conditions like deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. To do this, we examined a large cohort of nearly 378,000 participants, all free from VTE at the start of the study.
Our analysis focused on the relationship between vitamin D levels and VTE risk, particularly in individuals with diabetes compared to those without. Over a median follow-up period of 12.5 years, we recorded just over 10,600 new cases of VTE.
The findings were quite revealing: higher serum 25OHD concentrations were associated with a lower risk of VTE. This inverse relationship was especially pronounced in participants with diabetes. Interestingly, while we assessed various genetic factors that could influence VTE risk, they did not significantly change how vitamin D affected the likelihood of developing a blood clot.
However, we did find that specific genetic variations in the vitamin D receptor appeared to enhance the protective effects of vitamin D against VTE. Overall, we are encouraged by our findings, which suggest that maintaining sufficient levels of vitamin D may help reduce the risk of blood clots, particularly in those already managing diabetes.
Our analysis focused on the relationship between vitamin D levels and VTE risk, particularly in individuals with diabetes compared to those without. Over a median follow-up period of 12.5 years, we recorded just over 10,600 new cases of VTE.
The findings were quite revealing: higher serum 25OHD concentrations were associated with a lower risk of VTE. This inverse relationship was especially pronounced in participants with diabetes. Interestingly, while we assessed various genetic factors that could influence VTE risk, they did not significantly change how vitamin D affected the likelihood of developing a blood clot.
However, we did find that specific genetic variations in the vitamin D receptor appeared to enhance the protective effects of vitamin D against VTE. Overall, we are encouraged by our findings, which suggest that maintaining sufficient levels of vitamin D may help reduce the risk of blood clots, particularly in those already managing diabetes.
8
We explored how 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3, a form of vitamin D, can influence platelet aggregation, particularly in the context of COVID-19. Platelet hyperreactivity is a condition where platelets are overly reactive, contributing to blood clotting issues often seen in COVID-19 patients. Our investigation focused on how vitamin D might help mitigate these issues by examining its direct effects in the laboratory.
We found that vitamin D significantly reduced platelet aggregation, especially when this aggregation was heightened by the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. This effect appears to be linked to vitamin D's ability to inhibit certain signaling pathways involved in platelet activation. Notably, the treatment reduced the activation of integrin αIIbβ3, which plays a key role in platelet spreading and clumping.
By utilizing a particular Src family kinase inhibitor, we confirmed that there are overlapping pathways being influenced, as both vitamin D and the inhibitor showed similar effects in lowering platelet responses. Our findings suggest that vitamin D could serve as a beneficial treatment to help manage clotting in COVID-19, though further exploration is necessary.
We found that vitamin D significantly reduced platelet aggregation, especially when this aggregation was heightened by the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. This effect appears to be linked to vitamin D's ability to inhibit certain signaling pathways involved in platelet activation. Notably, the treatment reduced the activation of integrin αIIbβ3, which plays a key role in platelet spreading and clumping.
By utilizing a particular Src family kinase inhibitor, we confirmed that there are overlapping pathways being influenced, as both vitamin D and the inhibitor showed similar effects in lowering platelet responses. Our findings suggest that vitamin D could serve as a beneficial treatment to help manage clotting in COVID-19, though further exploration is necessary.
5
Vitamin D effects on blood clotting
We aimed to understand how vitamin D affects blood clotting, especially during pregnancy when women are already at a higher risk for blood clots. In a cross-sectional study, we compared the hemostatic profiles of two groups of pregnant women. One group had vitamin D deficiency, defined as levels below 50 nmol/L, while the other had adequate levels, at or above 100 nmol/L.
Our findings revealed that women with vitamin D deficiency exhibited increased levels of a protein called plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1). This protein is linked to blood clotting, and we saw that not only were the levels elevated, but the ratio of PAI-1 to another important protein, plasminogen activator inhibitor 2 (PAI-2), was also higher in the vitamin D deficient group.
This elevated ratio can indicate a greater risk of thrombotic events and is associated with complications during pregnancy. Consequently, we concluded that vitamin D deficiency poses a potential risk for increased thrombotic complications in pregnant women, underscoring the need for more research on the optimal vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy.
Our findings revealed that women with vitamin D deficiency exhibited increased levels of a protein called plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1). This protein is linked to blood clotting, and we saw that not only were the levels elevated, but the ratio of PAI-1 to another important protein, plasminogen activator inhibitor 2 (PAI-2), was also higher in the vitamin D deficient group.
This elevated ratio can indicate a greater risk of thrombotic events and is associated with complications during pregnancy. Consequently, we concluded that vitamin D deficiency poses a potential risk for increased thrombotic complications in pregnant women, underscoring the need for more research on the optimal vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy.
2
Vitamin D treatment shows no benefit
In our exploration of how vitamin D might affect blood clotting, we conducted a pilot randomized clinical trial involving 40 patients diagnosed with either deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism. These individuals were vitamin D deficient, which is already known to contribute to the development of blood clots.
We divided the patients into two groups: one received a high dose of vitamin D—50,000 IU weekly for eight weeks followed by less frequent doses—while the control group did not receive any vitamin D. After one and three months, we measured levels of two key biomarkers related to blood clotting: P-selectin and hs-CRP.
We discovered that there was no significant decrease in either biomarker in both groups over the study period. This suggests that treating vitamin D deficiency doesn’t meaningfully impact these specific markers of thrombosis in patients with clotting issues.
However, we did find something interesting. Those who received vitamin D treatment appeared to manage their anticoagulant therapy with warfarin more effectively, using lower doses of the medication. While our initial hypothesis about vitamin D’s direct effect on blood clot markers didn’t hold, this potential interaction with warfarin is intriguing and warrants further investigation in larger studies to better understand the relationship between vitamin D and blood clotting.
We divided the patients into two groups: one received a high dose of vitamin D—50,000 IU weekly for eight weeks followed by less frequent doses—while the control group did not receive any vitamin D. After one and three months, we measured levels of two key biomarkers related to blood clotting: P-selectin and hs-CRP.
We discovered that there was no significant decrease in either biomarker in both groups over the study period. This suggests that treating vitamin D deficiency doesn’t meaningfully impact these specific markers of thrombosis in patients with clotting issues.
However, we did find something interesting. Those who received vitamin D treatment appeared to manage their anticoagulant therapy with warfarin more effectively, using lower doses of the medication. While our initial hypothesis about vitamin D’s direct effect on blood clot markers didn’t hold, this potential interaction with warfarin is intriguing and warrants further investigation in larger studies to better understand the relationship between vitamin D and blood clotting.
8
We explored the connection between vitamin D deficiency and the burden of blood clots in patients experiencing ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). In this study, we evaluated 77 patients, measuring their serum vitamin D levels alongside the amount of coronary thrombus they had, which was quantified using the Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) frame count.
Our findings revealed that a staggering 79% of the participants had low vitamin D levels, defined as less than 20 ng/mL. Interestingly, those with mild thrombus loads showed higher vitamin D levels compared to those with severe loads, suggesting some influence of vitamin D on thrombus formation. Additionally, we found a consistent negative correlation between lower vitamin D levels and higher thrombus burden.
Even though the study highlights a clear association between low vitamin D levels and increased thrombus load, it doesn't specifically test vitamin D treatment to see if it can reduce this risk. Essentially, while low vitamin D appears to predict higher thrombus formation, we do not have evidence from this study that boosting vitamin D levels directly helps prevent clots in this patient group.
Our findings revealed that a staggering 79% of the participants had low vitamin D levels, defined as less than 20 ng/mL. Interestingly, those with mild thrombus loads showed higher vitamin D levels compared to those with severe loads, suggesting some influence of vitamin D on thrombus formation. Additionally, we found a consistent negative correlation between lower vitamin D levels and higher thrombus burden.
Even though the study highlights a clear association between low vitamin D levels and increased thrombus load, it doesn't specifically test vitamin D treatment to see if it can reduce this risk. Essentially, while low vitamin D appears to predict higher thrombus formation, we do not have evidence from this study that boosting vitamin D levels directly helps prevent clots in this patient group.
References
- Xiang H, Zhou C, Gan X, Huang Y, He P, et al. Relationship of Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Concentrations, Diabetes, Vitamin D Receptor Gene Polymorphisms and Incident Venous Thromboembolism. Diabetes Metab Res Rev. 2025;41:e70014. 10.1002/dmrr.70014
- Rachman A, Iriani A, Irawan A, Juanputra S, Betsy R. Adequate serum 25-hydroxy-vitamin D levels are correlated with low anti-PF4 levels in mild COVID-19 Patients: An observational study. Medicine (Baltimore). 2024;103:e39252. 10.1097/MD.0000000000039252
- Wang R, Tian Z, Wang C, Zhang B, Zhu M, et al. 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 attenuates platelet aggregation potentiated by SARS-CoV-2 spike protein via inhibiting integrin αIIbβ3 outside-in signaling. Cell Biochem Funct. 2024;42:e4039. 10.1002/cbf.4039
- Andersen MK, Rüdiger IH, Vestergaard AL, Palarasah Y, Bor P, et al. Vitamin D Deficiency is Associated With Increased Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1/Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 2 Ratio in Pregnancy. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost. 2023;29:10760296231201855. 10.1177/10760296231201855
- Şaylık F, Selçuk M, Akbulut T, Çınar T. The Association between Vitamin D Levels and Thrombus Burden in Patients with ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction. J Tehran Heart Cent. 2022;17:48. 10.18502/jthc.v17i2.9835
- Uguz B, Oztas S, Zengin I, Topal D, Tiryakioglu SK, et al. Relationship between vitamin D deficiency and thrombus load in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2022;26:7015. 10.26355/eurrev_202210_29885
- Hajimoradi B, Hosseini B, Alirezaei T, Pourmotahari F. 25-Hydroxy vitamin D level is associated with mean platelet volume in patients with acute coronary syndrome. Cardiovasc Hematol Disord Drug Targets. 2022. 10.2174/1871529X22666220418111905
- Hoek M, Schultz M, Alummoottil S, Aneck-Hahn N, Mathabe K, et al. Ex vivo Vitamin D supplementation improves viscoelastic profiles in prostate cancer patients. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc. 2022;81:221. 10.3233/CH-211353
- Cimmino G, Conte S, Morello M, Pellegrino G, Marra L, et al. Vitamin D Inhibits IL-6 Pro-Atherothrombotic Effects in Human Endothelial Cells: A Potential Mechanism for Protection against COVID-19 Infection?. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis. 2022;9. 10.3390/jcdd9010027
- Hejazi ME, Modarresi-Ghazani F, Hamishehkar H, Mesgari-Abbasi M, Dousti S, et al. The Effect of Treatment of Vitamin D Deficiency on the Level of P-Selectin and hs-CRP in Patients With Thromboembolism: A Pilot Randomized Clinical Trial. J Clin Pharmacol. 2017;57:40. 10.1002/jcph.774
- Blondon M, Rodabough RJ, Budrys N, Johnson KC, Berger JS, et al. The effect of calcium plus vitamin D supplementation on the risk of venous thromboembolism. From the Women's Health Initiative Randomized Controlled Trial. Thromb Haemost. 2015;113:999. 10.1160/TH14-05-0478
- Gholami K, Talasaz AH, Entezari-Maleki T, Salarifar M, Hadjibabaie M, et al. The Effect of High-Dose Vitamin D3 on Soluble P-Selectin and hs-CRP Level in Patients With Venous Thromboembolism: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost. 2016;22:483. 10.1177/1076029614568715
- Borst O, Münzer P, Schmid E, Schmidt EM, Russo A, et al. 1,25(OH)2 vitamin D3-dependent inhibition of platelet Ca2+ signaling and thrombus formation in klotho-deficient mice. FASEB J. 2014;28:2108. 10.1096/fj.13-239277
- Moscarelli L, Zanazzi M, Bertoni E, Caroti L, Rosso G, et al. Renin angiotensin system blockade and activated vitamin D as a means of preventing deep vein thrombosis in renal transplant recipients. Clin Nephrol. 2011;75:440.
- Jorde R, Sneve M, Torjesen P, Figenschau Y, Hansen JB. Parameters of the thrombogram are associated with serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels at baseline, but not affected during supplementation with vitamin D. Thromb Res. 2010;125:e210. 10.1016/j.thromres.2009.12.011
- Wu-Wong JR. Are vitamin D receptor activators useful for the treatment of thrombosis?. Curr Opin Investig Drugs. 2009;10:919.
